Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Chris Daly and Wayne Gibson of the Spatial Climate Analysis Service at Oregon State University, George Taylor of the Oregon Climate Service at Oregon State University Publication_Date: 200207 Title: 103-Year High-Resolution Temperature Climate Data Set for the Conterminous United States Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Corvallis, Oregon, USA Publisher: Spatial Climate Analysis Service, Oregon Online_Linkage: Description: Abstract: Spatially distributed monthly and annual temperature. Each file represents 1 month of 1 year for the period 1895-1997. Distribution of the point measurements to a spatial grid was accomplished using the PRISM model, developed by Christopher Daly, Director, Spatial Climate Analysis Service, Oregon State University. Care should be taken in estimating temperature values at any single point on the map. Temperature estimated for each grid cell is an average over the entire area of that cell; thus, point temperature can be estimated at a spatial precision no better than half the resolution of a cell. For example, the temperature data were distributed at a resolution of approximately 4km. Therefore, point temperature can be estimated at a spatial precision no better than 2km. However, the overall distribution of temperature features is thought to be accurate. For further information, the online PRISM homepage can be found at . Further information on the current state of this project can be found at Purpose: Display and/or analyses requiring spatially distributed monthly or annual temperature for the period 1895-1997. Supplemental_Information: There are many methods of interpolating temperature from monitoring stations to grid points. Some provide estimates of acceptable accuracy in flat terrain, but few have been able to adequately explain the extreme, complex variations in temperature that occur in mountainous regions. Significant progress in this area has been achieved through the development of PRISM (Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model). PRISM is an analytical model that uses point data and a digital elevation model (DEM) to generate gridded estimates of monthly and annual temperature (as well as other climatic parameters). PRISM is well suited to regions with mountainous terrain, because it incorporates a conceptual framework that addresses the spatial scale and pattern of orographic temperature. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 18950101 Ending_Date: 19971231 Currentness_Reference: Climatological period from which the point observations were taken. Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned at this time. Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -125.020833333333 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -66.47916757 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 49.93750000 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.06250000000 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: raster data Theme_Keyword: temperature Theme_Keyword: grid cell Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Conterminous USA Access_Constraints: n/a, no restrictions apply Use_Constraints: Acknowledgement of the following agencies in products derived from these data: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) , National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), PRISM Model, the Spatial Climate Analysis Service and the Oregon Climate Service at Oregon State University. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Christopher Daly Contact_Organization: Director, Spatial Climate Analysis Service Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Oregon State University, Strand Ag Hall Rm 326, Spatial Climate Analysis Service City: Corvallis State_or_Province: OR Postal_Code: 97331-2209 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (541) 737-2531 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (541) 737-5710 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: daly@coas.oregonstate.edu Security_Information: Security_Classification_System: None Security_Classification: Unclassified Security_Handling_Description: None Native_Data_Set_Environment: Solaris 2.8, UNIX Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: National Weather Service Cooperative (COOP) TD3200 daily data were passed through QA/QC procedures developed at the National Climatic Data Center prior to creation of the TD3220 monthly temperature data. For further information, see Completeness_Report: Point estimates of monthly temperature originated from the following sources: National Weather Service Cooperative (COOP) stations, 2) Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) SNOTEL, 3) local networks, and 4) statistically in-filled missing monthly data to produce a serially complete station data set, generated by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Accuracy of this data set is based on the original specification of the Defense Mapping Agency (DMA) 1 degree digital elevation models (DEM). The stated accuracy of the original DEMs are 130 m circular error with 90% probability. Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 130 m with 90% Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: The broad DMA production objective for 1-degree DEM's. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) Publication_Date: 1997 Title: TD3220 Summary of the Month Cooperative (SOM) Data Set. Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Asheville, NC, USA Publisher: National Climatic Data Center Type_of_Source_Media: digital files Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 189501 Ending_Date: 199712 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Summary of the Month Source_Contribution: Location and values of known average monthly and annual temperature Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Natural Resources Conservation Service Publication_Date: 1997 Title: Cooperative Snow Survey Data of Federal -State - Private Cooperative Snow Surveys Series_Information: Series_Name: Cooperative Snow Survey Data of Federal - State - Private Cooperative Snow Surveys Issue_Identification: Annual issue for Western Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Portland, OR, USA Publisher: Natural Resources Conservation Service, Water and Climate Center Type_of_Source_Media: digital files, paper reports, online Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1979 Ending_Date: 1997 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: SNOTEL (SNOwpack TELemetry) Source_Contribution: Location and values of known average monthly and annual temperature Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Defense Mapping Agency Publication_Date: 1985 Title: 1:250,000-scale Digital Elevation Models (DEM) also known as 1-Degree DEM's Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Washington, DC Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: Type_of_Source_Media: digital files Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1985 Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication Date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: DEM Source_Contribution: Terrain surface input to PRISM model for estimation of temperature between known points. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Publication_Date: Unpublished Material Title: Serially complete station data set for 1895-1997 Type_of_Source_Media: digital files Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 189501 Ending_Date: 199712 Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: serially in-filled data Source_Contribution: Serially in-filled data set in which missing monthly values are replaced with reasonable values generated by a statistical process (kriging). Process_Step: Process_Description: It is beyond the scope of this metadata to document the processes involved in generating spatially gridded temperature using the PRISM model. However, the processes are documented in numerous conference proceedings and journal articles. The references can be found online at . Process_Date: 200207 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell Row_Count: 621 Column_Count: 1405 Vertical_Count: 1 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: .04166666666 Longitude_Resolution: .04166666666 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: World Geodetic Spheroid 1972 (WGS72) Ellipsoid_Name: WGS72 Semi-major_Axis: 6378135.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.26 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: temperature grid cell value Entity_Type_Definition: ASCII values Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Self-evident Attribute: Attribute_Label: temperature grid cell value Attribute_Definition: spatially gridded temperature Attribute_Definition_Source: Daly, C., R.P. Neilson, and D.L. Phillips, 1994: A Statistical-Topographic Model for Mapping Climatological Precipitation over Mountainous Terrain. J. Appl. Meteor., 33,140-158. Attribute_Domain_Values: Attribute: Attribute_Label: Value Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Attribute_Units_of_Measure: degrees Celsius * 100 Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: -9999 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: no data Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: National Climatic Data Center Federal Building 151 Patton Avenue City: Asheville State_or_Province: NC Postal_Code: 28801-5001 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (828) 271-4800 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (828) 271-4876 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: questions@ncdc.noaa.gov Distribution_Liability: This digital data set publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or misuse of the data, or for damage, transmission of viruses or computer contamination through the distribution of these data sets or for the usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed in this report, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference therein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Any views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those! of the United States Government or any agency thereof. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ARC/INFO ASCII Grid, GNU gzipped files Transfer_Size: 0.975 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: Access_Instructions: Anonymous ftp, Fees: none Technical_Prerequisites: Geographic data are intended for use in Geographic Information Systems (GIS). In addition, software is required to uncompress GNU gzipped format data. Available_Time_Period: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 189501 Ending_Date: 199712 Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20020718 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Wayne Gibson Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Strand Ag Hall 326, Spatial Climate Analysis Service, Oregon State University City: Corvallis State_or_Province: OR Postal_Code: 97331-2209 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (541) 737-5696 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (541) 737-5710 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gibson@coas.oregonstate.edu Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None Metadata_Extensions: Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile